Thermometer



H. P. IVHLKER.

THERMCMETER.

IwPLIcAIIoII FILED IULY25. I9I9.

Patented July 6, 1920.

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THERMOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY25, 1919.

Patented July 6, 1920.

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A TTORNEYS UNITED sTATEs-PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT F. MILKER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIG-NOR TO CHARLES J.

TAGLIABUE MANUFACTURING CO., OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORA- TION OFNEW YORK.

THERMOMETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6., 1920.

Application filed July 25, 1919. Serial No. 313,155.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, HERBERT P. MILKER, acitizen of the United States, and resident of the borough of Brooklyn,county of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Thermometers, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relatesto thermometers and more particularly to that typethereof which are commonly known as window thermometers and has for itsobject to provide a cheap and efcient thermometer of this type. Othermore specific objects will appear )from the description hereinafter andthe features of novelty will be pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which,

,for illustrative and descriptive purposes show several examples of myinvention7 Figure 1 1s a front elevation of the thermometer; Fig. 2 is aside elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 3 3 of Fig. l; Fig. 4 is across-section on the line 4'4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a view similar toFig. 1 showing another form of my invention; Fig. 6 is an edge viewthereof partly in section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 is across-section on the line 7-7 0f Fig. 5.

In the form shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive of the drawings, thethermometer comprises two light-pervious plates 1() preferablytransparent and constructed of glass, said plates being located insurface engagement and in registry with .each other and having betweenthem a suitable scale 11. The latter may be an independent elementlocated between said plates 10 or, as is preferred, it may be producedon one of the opposed surfaces of said plates, a dec-alcomania scalehaving been found satisfactory and being cheap and economical toproduce. The plates in this form may be maintained in properjuxtaposition to each other by means of side edge members 12 in the formof slit tubes fitted over' the side edges of said plates and havingopposite integral end edge members 13 similarly constructed and fittedover the end edges of said plates 10 and together with said side edgemembers constituting a frame as shown in the drawings. The end edgemembers 13, located at the corresponding ends of opposite side members12, project toward'each other at each end ofthe thermometer and havetheir free ends spaced apart as shown in Fig. 1, it being understoodthat the slits of the side members 12 and of the end members 13 are sodimensioned as to cause said side members 12 and end members 13 to exerta firm, resilient pressure upon said plates 10 whereby the latter arepressed together and efliciently held in proper surface engagement andregistry with each other.

The side members 12 including the end members 13 are secured in positionagainst unintentional dislocation relatively to the plates 10 by meansof clamps 14 and 15 which fit in coperating pairs over the end members13 and clamp the latter between them at opposite ends of thethermometer. The clamps 14 and 15 in the illustrated example areconstructed with integral webs 16 provided with suitable apertures forthe accommodation of fastening devices, such as screws 17 whereby saidwebs and consequently said clamps are fastened together to cause eachpair of clamps 14 and 15 to firmly grip the end members 13. Theillustrated form of thermometer may be supported in operative positionat a window or the like by means of bracketsA 18 which may be fastenedto the webs 16 by the same screws" 17 whereby said webs are securedtogether and which are provided with suitable apertures 19 for theaccommodation of screws and the like whereby said brackets arefastending lengthwise of the front plate 10 bebecause of tween thespaced ends of the end members 13 and in engagement with the exposedsurface of said plate 10, and having its upper end extending into andheld inthe plug 21. At its lower end the tube 27 extends through theplug 23 in frictional engagement therewith and terminates in the chamber26 in which the bulb 28 is thus located and protected by the' guard 24.With this arrangement the tube 27 with its bulb 28 is firmly secured inposition on the front plate 10 its frictional engagement with the twoplugs 21 and 23, thus avoiding the necessity for the drilling of holesthrough the plates 10 to accommodate the type of fastening wires orother devices which gen- -erally are used to secure the tube inposition. The necessity for forming the upper end of the tube 27 with aprojection and at least one of the plates 1() with a cooperatingaperture to preventlengthwise movement of the tube relatively to thescale is also avoided. At the same time, it is possible, with theillustrated construction, to intentionally shift the tube 27 in alengthwise direction relatively to the plugs 21 and 23 and to the plates10 if for any reason it becomes necessary to do so, as,l for instance,to secure a proper coperation o f the indicating column with the scale11.

4In the thermometer, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4l inclusive, air isprevented from entering between the two plates 10 by means of the sidemembers 12 and their end members 13 and by means of the clamping devicesatvopposite ends `of said plates, so'that the scale 11 is efficientlyprotected from the elements whereby the elfectivelife of the thermometeris increased to a maximum extent. By avoiding the necessity for drillingthe plates 10 as above described, this airtight feature is preservedinstead of being destroyed, as is the case in thermometers of thepresent type in which the tube is held in place by wires or otherfastening devices which pass through the plates. The clamping devices,in addition to holding the side members and their end members in place,also efiiciently secure the tube and its bulb in position in a simpleand efficient manner. The side members and their end members 'arereadily placed in position on the glass plates and, in addition to theirother functions, in this form provide an attractive one of its faces.

frame which adds materially to the appearance of the thermometer.

The construction is such that the thermometer in all of its forms may beeconomically produced and sold at a low cost and provides a highlyserviceable and attractive window thermometer within the reach ofpractically every one.

1t will be understood that the side members 12 with their end members 13may be replaced in some instances by equivalent devices, for instance,as shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7.

1n these figures the thermometer comprises a single light pervious andpreferably transparent glass plate 10a which, in the form shown, isprovided with beveled edges and has the customary scale 11a produced onIn the form now being described the side edge members 12a compriserelatively short sections extending lengthwise of the side edges of theplate 10a and provided at their free ends with projections,

12b which, as shown, may be formed by bending the members 12atransversely at an angle and back upon the transverse portion. r1`heseprojections 12b fit into notches or recesses 1()b formed in the beveledside edges" of the plate 1()a at a distance from its ends as shown inFig. 5 and maintain said members 12a against lengthwise movementrelatively to said plate 10a. The members 12a y are further preferablyeach provided with a pair of lugs 12c which extend over or straddle theside edges of the plate 10a and prevent said members 12a from movingtransversely relatively to said plate 10a or, in other words, maintainsaidmembers in registry with the side edges thereof. v'llhe members 12aproject beyond the ends of the plate 1()a into registry with the ends ofthe Ytubular members 13a which, in this form constitute the end edgemembers and extend along said end edges of the plate 10. The

side members 12a are connected with the end members 13al by means ofbolts 131 which extend through said end members 13 and through suitableapertures in the sidemembers 12a and are secured in position by means ofnuts 13C. The parts are so dimensioned that when the nuts 13c arescrewed home, the side members 12"l will be securely clamped against theside edges of the plate 1021 and at the same time will firmly maintainthe end members 13a in position.

Clamps 14a and 15a corresponding to the clamps 14 and 15 of the formfirst described, are clamped in coperating pairs upon the end members13a by suitable fastening devices such as screws 17 which, by fasteningthe. webs 16a of said clamps together, cause the latter to firmly gripthe end members 13a. This form of thermometer may also `be supported inoperative position by means of brackets 18a having apertures 19a andwhich, as in the first form, may be secured to the web 16a by the screws17a.

Recessed members 20 and 22a corresponding to the recessed members 20 and22, and containing respectively plugs such as 23 of rubber or othersuitable material, and corresponding to the plugs 21 and 23, are alsoincluded in the form now being described in the same way as in the formshown in Figs. 1 to 4.-; the member 22a is continued also in the form ofa depending guard 24a as in Fig. 1. The plugs 21L and 23a serve toaccommodate and hold the thermometer tube 27ZL with its belt 28a in thesame way as in the form first described.

The advantages set forth with respect to the form shown in Figs. 1 to 4inclusive, apply with equal vforce to the form shown in Figs. 5, 6 and7. The drilling of the plate to provide holes .for the accommodation ofthe customary fastening devices -whereby the tube is f held in place andfor the reception of the projection customarily formed at the upper endof the tube is entirely avoided. At the same time, the necessity forproviding the tube projection above referred to and whereby the tube isusually fixed against lengthwise movement is also done away with. As allof the operations required to provide the features recited above areexpensive and require the use of highly skilled labor, it follows thatby avoiding the necessity therefor the cost of production of thethermometer is reduced while at the same time its efficiency as aymechanical structure is materially increased. y

It will be understood that vthe arrangement and type of plates shown yinthe drawings is not arbitrary.

,Various changes inthe specific forms shown and described may be madeIwithin the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of myinvention.

I claim:

1. A thermometer comprising a light pervious body, a tube extendinglengthwise thereof, edge members upon said body and clamping meansconnected with said edge members and whereby said tube is maintainedagainst unintentional movement relatively to said body.

2. A thermometer comprising at least one light pervious plate, a tubeextending lengthwise thereof, end members extending along the end edgesof said plate, side members connected with said end members andextending lengthwise of the side edges of said plate and clamping meansconnected with said end members whereby said tube is maintained againstunintentional movement lrelatively to said plate.

3. A thermometer comprising light pervious plates in surface engagementwith each other and having a scale therebetween, a tube upon one surfaceof said plates, members engaging the edges of said plates and clampingmeans whereby said members are secured in place and whereby said tube ismaintained against unintentional movement relatively to said plates.

4. A thermometer comprising light pervious plates in surface engagementwith each other and having a scale therebetween, a tube upon one surfaceof said plates, frame members engaging the edges of said plates,clamping devices located at opposite ends of said thermometer wherebysaid frame members are secured in place and means carried .by saiddevices and engaging said tube to maintain it against unintentionalmovement relatively to said plates.

5. A thermometer comprising light pervious plates in surface kengagementwith each other and having a scale therebetween, a tube upon one surfaceof said plates, recessed frame members extending over the edges of saidplates, clamping devices at op-f posite ends of said thermometer wherebysaid frame members are secured in place,

said members being provided with recesses",

and resilient means in said recesses in frictional engagement with saidtube whereby the latter is maintained against mdvement relatively tosaid plates.

6. A thermometer comprising light pervious plates in surfacey engagementwith each other and having a scale therebetween,

recessed frame members extending over and gripping said plates at theiredges and eX- tending toward each other at opposite ends `of saidthermometer, clamps engaging said frame members at said kopposite endsof said thermometer, webs forming part of v said clamps', means forconnecting said webs .toI cause said clamps to ygrip said frame members,an upper recessed member carried by an upper clamp; a plugofresilientmaterial in said upper recessed member, a lower recessed memberycarried by a lower clamp, .a guard depending from said lower recessedmember,a plug of resilient material in said lower recessed member, atube located upon one surface of said plates and having its upp'er'endextending into said upper plug, said tube projecting through and beyondsaid lower plug and terminating within said guard and brackets connected'with said webs whereby said thermometer is supported in operativeposition.

7. A thermometer comprising light pervious. plates in surface engagementwith each other and having a scale therebetween, means formaintaining'said plates in uxtaposition to each other, resilient plugscarried by said means, and a thermometer tube upon one surface of saidplates and having jeoting, at its other end, through and heyoncl saidother plug.

8. A thermometer comprising at least one light pervious plate, resilientplugs, means 5 whereby said plugs are secured to said plate at itsopposite ends and a thermometer tube upon one surface of said plate andhaving yond the other plug.` 10

ln testimony whereof I lave hereunto set my hand. l

HERBERT 1P. MILKER.

